Fraud Triangle Analysis In Detecting Fraud In The Financial Statements Of Manufacturing Companies Listed On Idx 2018-2020
Keywords:
Fraudulent Financial Statement, Financial Stability, Financial Target, External Pressure
Abstract
The problem in this study is the results of previous studies regarding the influence of the fraud triangle theory are not consistent and there are still frequent occurrences of fraudulent financial statements. This phenomenon shows that the company's financial statements are not free from fraud. Therefore, further detection is needed to find out the causes of fraudulent financial statement actions. This study aims to analyze fraud triangles to potentially fraudulent financial statements. Fraud triangle in this study is pressure proxied by: (1) Financial stability, (2) Financial target, (3) External pressure, and (4) Personal financial need. Opportunity that is proxied by: (1) Nature of industry and (2) In-effective monitoring, and rationalizations. The result of the study partially shows that the variables of financial stability and nature of industry are proven to have an effect on the potential for fraudulent financial statements with significance level of (<0.001) and (0.005). Meanwhile, variables of financial target, external pressure, personal financial need, nature of industry, in-effective monitoring, and rationalizations have no effect on the potential for fraudulent financial statements with significance level of (0.582), (0.281), (0.837), (0.861), and (0.093).
References
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Mardianto, dan Carissa. 2019. Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Triangle dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Benefita. 4 (1): 87-10.
Mariati dan Emmy Indrayani. 2020. Fraud Triangle Analysis In Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statement Using Fraud Score Model. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis 25 (1): 29-41.
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Priantara. 2013. Fraud Auditing and Investigationa dalam Ulfa, M., dkk. 2017. Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon dalam Mendeteksi Fraudulent Financial Reporting. Forum Ilmiah Pendidikan Akuntansi 5 (1): 399-418.
Richardson, S. A., Sloan, R. G., Soliman, M. T., dan Tuna, I. (2005). Accrual Reliability, Earnings Persistence, and Stock Princes. Journal of Accounting and Economics. 39 (3): 437-485.
Romney, M.B., dan Steinbart, P. J. 2012. Accounting Information Systems 12th. London: Pearson Education Limited.
Skousen, C. J., K. R. Smith, dan C.J. Wright. 2009. Detecting and Predicting Financial Statement Fraud: The Effectiveness of The Fraud Triangle and SAS no. 99. Journal of Corporate Governance and Firm Performances, Vol 13: 53-81.
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Sugiyono. 2018. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Summer, S. L. dan Sweeney, J. T. 1998. Fraudulently Misstated Financial Statements and Insider Tradinga : An Empirical Analysis. dalam Nainggolan, Hazel Sharon dan Harman Malau. Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Triangle Dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Pada Laporan Keuangan Perusahaan Manufaktur Subsektor Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2017-2019. 2020. Bandung: Universitas Advent Indonesia.
Susanti dan Tarigan. 2013. Pengaruh Kompetensi, Etika, dan Fee Audit Terhadap Kualitas Audit. Jurnal Akuntansi. Vol 13 (1): 803-832.
Susanti, Dewi. 2018. The Analysis of Triangle Fraud Factors to Fraudulent Financial Statement (Empirical Study on Manufacturing Company Registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange Year 2012-2014). Vola 1 (1): 18-25.
Suyanto. 2009. Evidence from Statement on Auditing Standard No. 99. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business. 11(1): 117-144.
Wahyuni dan Gideon Setyo Budi Witjaksono. 2017. Fraud Triangle Sebagai Pendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Akuntansi. Vol. 21 (1): 47-61.
www.idx.co.id.
www.eddyelly.com.
Aghghaleh, S. F, dkk. 2016. Detecting Financial Statement Frauds in Malaysia: Comparing The Abilities of Beneish and Dechow Models. Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance. Vol 7: 57-65.
Albrecht, S. W., Chad., A. O., Conan, A. C., dan Zimbelman F. Mark. 2014. Fraud Examination Fifth Edition. dalam Elisabeth, Duma Megaria dan Wesly Simanjuntak (2020). Analisis Review Pendeteksian Kecurangan (Fraud). Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Methodist. Jakarta: Universitas Methodist Indonesia.
American Institute of Certified Public Accountant (AICPA). 2002. Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit. Statement on Accounting Standards (SAS) No. 99.
American Institute of Certified Public Accountant (AICPA). 2002. Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit. Statement on Accounting Standards (SAS) No. 99. dalam Susanti, Yayuk Andri. 2014. Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Andayani, T.D. 2010. Pengaruh Karakteristik Dewan Komisaris Independen Terhadap Manajemen Laba. dalam Mariati dan Emmy Indrayani. 2020. Fraud Triangle Analysis In Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statement Using Fraud Score Model. Jakarta: Universitas Gunadarma.
Arens, dkk. 2011. Auditing an Integrated Approach 7th Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). 2016. Report to The Nation on Occupational Fraud and Abuse. https://wwwaACFE.com/report-to-the- nations/2016/.
Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). 2020. Report to The Nation 2020 Global Study on Occupational Fraud and Abuse. https://www.acfe.com/report-to- the-nations/2020/.
Bank Indonesia. 2022. https://www.bi.go.id/id/fungsi-utama/stabilitas-sistem- keuangan/ikhtisar/default.aspx#floating-2.
Boynton, William C. Johnson, dkk., 2001. Modern Auditing Edisi Ketujuh Jilid 2. dalam dalam Susanti, Yayuk Andri. 2014. Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Budiyono, Iwan, dan Melati Sari Dewi Arum. 2020. Determinants In Detecting Fraud Triangle of Financial Statement On Companies Registered In Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Journal of Islamic Accounting and Finance Research. Vol. 2 (1).
Cressey, D.R. 1953. Other People’s Money: A Study in the Social Psychology of Embezzlement. New Jersey: Patterson Smith.
Cooper, dkk. 2013. dalam Elandi, Kharisma. 2016. Analisis Fraud Triangle untuk Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Go Public Non Perbankan dan Jasa Keuangan Tahun 2012-2015. Skripsi. Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi.
Dechow, P. M., Ge, W., Larson, C. R., & Sloan, R. G. 2009. Predicting Material Accounting Misstatement. Contemporary Accounting Research, 28(1), 17-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.2010.01041.
Dwijayani, Septia, dkk. 2019. Analisis Fraud Triangle untuk Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. 1 (1): 445-458.
European Central Bank. 2016. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/home/html/index.en.html. Field, A. 2009. Menemukan Statistik Menggunakan SPSS. Edisi Ke-3. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
Ghazali, Imam. 2018. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gibson, dkk. 2020. Organizations Behaviour, Structure and Process. dalam Elandi, Kharisma. 2016. Analisis Fraud Triangle untuk Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan
Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Go Public Non Perbankan dan Jasa Keuangan Tahun 2012-2015. Skripsi. Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi.
Haryono, dan Eko Mukhlis. 2017. Analisis Fraud Triangle dalam Mendeteksi Financial Statement Fraud. Skripsi. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Institut Akuntan Publik Indonesia (IAPI). 2022. Standar Audit 240 (Revisi 2021) Tanggungjawab Auditor Terkait Dengan Kecurangan Dalam Suatu Audit Atas Laporan Keuangan. https://iapi.or.id/standar-profesional-akuntan-publik/.
Jensen, Michael C., dan William H. Meckling. 1976. Theory of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure. dalam Elandi, Kharismaa 2016. Analisis Fraud Triangle untuk Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Go Public Non Perbankan dan Jasa Keuangan Tahun 2012- 2015. Skripsi. Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi.
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). 2020. https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/.
Kurnia, Novandino. 2020. Analisis Fraud Triangle Sebagai Pendekatan Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi 4 (1): 1-22.
Mardianto, dan Carissa. 2019. Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Triangle dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Benefita. 4 (1): 87-10.
Mariati dan Emmy Indrayani. 2020. Fraud Triangle Analysis In Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statement Using Fraud Score Model. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis 25 (1): 29-41.
Menteri Keuangan. 2007. Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 359/KMK.06/2007 tentang Jasa Akuntan Publik. Jakarta.
Menteri Keuangan. 2008. Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 17/KMK.01/2008 tentang Jasa Akuntan Publik. Jakarta.
Priantara. 2013. Fraud Auditing and Investigationa dalam Ulfa, M., dkk. 2017. Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon dalam Mendeteksi Fraudulent Financial Reporting. Forum Ilmiah Pendidikan Akuntansi 5 (1): 399-418.
Richardson, S. A., Sloan, R. G., Soliman, M. T., dan Tuna, I. (2005). Accrual Reliability, Earnings Persistence, and Stock Princes. Journal of Accounting and Economics. 39 (3): 437-485.
Romney, M.B., dan Steinbart, P. J. 2012. Accounting Information Systems 12th. London: Pearson Education Limited.
Skousen, C. J., K. R. Smith, dan C.J. Wright. 2009. Detecting and Predicting Financial Statement Fraud: The Effectiveness of The Fraud Triangle and SAS no. 99. Journal of Corporate Governance and Firm Performances, Vol 13: 53-81.
Skousen, C. J., dan Twedt, B. J. 2009. Fraud in Emerging Markets: A Cross Country Analysis.
Sugiyono. 2011. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. 2018. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Summer, S. L. dan Sweeney, J. T. 1998. Fraudulently Misstated Financial Statements and Insider Tradinga : An Empirical Analysis. dalam Nainggolan, Hazel Sharon dan Harman Malau. Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Triangle Dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Pada Laporan Keuangan Perusahaan Manufaktur Subsektor Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2017-2019. 2020. Bandung: Universitas Advent Indonesia.
Susanti dan Tarigan. 2013. Pengaruh Kompetensi, Etika, dan Fee Audit Terhadap Kualitas Audit. Jurnal Akuntansi. Vol 13 (1): 803-832.
Susanti, Dewi. 2018. The Analysis of Triangle Fraud Factors to Fraudulent Financial Statement (Empirical Study on Manufacturing Company Registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange Year 2012-2014). Vola 1 (1): 18-25.
Suyanto. 2009. Evidence from Statement on Auditing Standard No. 99. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business. 11(1): 117-144.
Wahyuni dan Gideon Setyo Budi Witjaksono. 2017. Fraud Triangle Sebagai Pendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Akuntansi. Vol. 21 (1): 47-61.
www.idx.co.id.
www.eddyelly.com.
